libstdc++: fix pointer type exception catch (no RTTI) [PR105387]

__pbase_type_info::__do_catch(), used to catch pointer type exceptions,
did not check if the type info object to compare against is a pointer
type info object before doing a static down-cast to a pointer type info
object. If RTTI is disabled, this leads to the following situation:
Since a pointer type info object has additional fields, they would
end up being undefined if the actual type info object was not a pointer
type info object.

A simple check has been added before the down-cast happens.

Note that a consequence of this check is that exceptions of type
pointer-to-member cannot be caught anymore.

In case RTTI is enabled, this does not seem to be a problem because
RTTI-based checks would run before and prevent running into the bad
down-cast. Hence, the fix is disabled if RTTI is enabled and exceptions
of type pointer-to-member can still be caught.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:

	PR libstdc++/105387
	* libsupc++/pbase_type_info.cc (__do_catch) [!__cpp_rtti]: Add
	check that the thrown type is actually a pointer.
	* testsuite/18_support/105387.cc: New test.
	* testsuite/18_support/105387_memptr.cc: New test.

Signed-off-by: Jakob Hasse <jakob.hasse@espressif.com>

libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/pbase_type_info.cc

@@ -74,7 +74,12 @@ __do_catch (const type_info *thr_type,
     // Therefore there must at least be a qualification conversion involved
     // But for that to be valid, our outer pointers must be const qualified.
     return false;
-  
+
+#if !__cpp_rtti
+  if (!thr_type->__is_pointer_p ())
+    return false;
+#endif
+
   const __pbase_type_info *thrown_type =
     static_cast <const __pbase_type_info *> (thr_type);
 

libstdc++-v3/testsuite/18_support/105387.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// { dg-do run }
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <cxxabi.h>
+#include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+
+// Test cases for PR libstdc++/105387
+
+// This test is to trigger undefined behavior if the bug 105387 is present
+// in the code. Note, however, given that the bug is present, this test runs
+// into undefined behavior which can also mean that it passes.
+// It has been observed to fail quite reliably on x86_64-linux-gnu but only
+// fail sporadically on Xtensa, depending on the code placement.
+void portable_test()
+{
+  bool exception_thrown = false;
+  try {
+    throw std::runtime_error("test");
+  } catch (const char *e) {
+    VERIFY(false);
+  } catch (const std::exception &e) {
+    exception_thrown = true;
+  }
+  VERIFY(exception_thrown);
+}
+
+// This test relies on the types defined in the files typeinfo and cxxabi.h
+// It is therefore less portable then the test case above but should be
+// guaranteed to fail if the implementation has the bug 105387.
+//
+// This test case checks that __pbase_type_info::__do_catch() behaves
+// correctly when called with a non-pointer type info object as argument.
+// In particular, __pbase_type_info::__do_catch() should not cast
+// the given type object into a pointer type and try to access the
+// extended fields.
+
+void non_portable_test()
+{
+  // Create a zero-initialized buffer for allocation of the type object
+  unsigned char buffer [sizeof(__cxxabiv1::__fundamental_type_info) * 2] = {};
+
+  // Use placement-new to create the fundamental type info object in the
+  // first half of the buffer. Whenever that type info object will be
+  // casted to a pointer type info object, the extended fields of the
+  // pointer type info object will be in the second half of the buffer
+  // and hence be guaranteed zero.
+  __cxxabiv1::__fundamental_type_info *p_fund_info
+    = new(buffer) __cxxabiv1::__fundamental_type_info("fund_type");
+
+  __cxxabiv1::__pointer_type_info ptr_info("ptr_type", 0, p_fund_info);
+
+  // __do_catch is declared protected in __pointer_type_info, but public in
+  // type_info, so we upcast it here
+  std::type_info *abstract_ptr_info = static_cast<std::type_info*>(&ptr_info);
+  VERIFY(abstract_ptr_info->__do_catch(p_fund_info, 0, 1) == false);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+  portable_test();
+  non_portable_test();
+  return 0;
+}

libstdc++-v3/testsuite/18_support/105387_memptr.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#include <testsuite_hooks.h>
+
+// Test related to PR libstdc++/105387
+// Check that pointer-to-member type exceptions can still be caught with -frtti.
+// { dg-require-effective-target rtti }
+
+void test_catch_ptr_to_member()
+{
+  bool exception_thrown = false;
+  struct X { int i; };
+  try {
+    throw &X::i;
+  }
+  catch (const int X::*) {
+    exception_thrown = true;
+  }
+
+  VERIFY(exception_thrown);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+  test_catch_ptr_to_member();
+  return 0;
+}