libstdc++: P1976R2 Fixed-size span construction from dynamic range

This includes fixes for first, last, as_bytes and as_writable_bytes
which were missing from the paper.

	* include/std/span (__cpp_lib_span): Update value.
	(span(It, size_type), span(It, End)): Make conditionally explicit. Add
	assertion.
	(span(R&&), span(const span<OType, OExtent>&)): Likewise and relax
	constraints.
	(span::first<Count>(), span::last<Count>()): Use explicit type in
	return statement.
	(as_bytes, as_writable_bytes): Likewise.
	* include/std/version (__cpp_lib_span): Update value.
	* testsuite/23_containers/span/1.cc: Check new value.
	* testsuite/23_containers/span/2.cc: Check new value.
	* testsuite/23_containers/span/explicit.cc: New test.

libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog

@@ -1,5 +1,19 @@
 2020-02-18  Jonathan Wakely  <jwakely@redhat.com>
 
+	P1976R2 Fixed-size span construction from dynamic range
+	* include/std/span (__cpp_lib_span): Update value.
+	(span(It, size_type), span(It, End)): Make conditionally explicit. Add
+	assertion.
+	(span(R&&), span(const span<OType, OExtent>&)): Likewise and relax
+	constraints.
+	(span::first<Count>(), span::last<Count>()): Use explicit type in
+	return statement.
+	(as_bytes, as_writable_bytes): Likewise.
+	* include/std/version (__cpp_lib_span): Update value.
+	* testsuite/23_containers/span/1.cc: Check new value.
+	* testsuite/23_containers/span/2.cc: Check new value.
+	* testsuite/23_containers/span/explicit.cc: New test.
+
 	* include/std/span (span::__is_compatible_array): Simplify alias
 	template by using requires-clause.
 	(span::__is_compatible_ref): New alias template for constraining

libstdc++-v3/include/std/span

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
 {
 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
-#define __cpp_lib_span 201902L
+#define __cpp_lib_span 202002L
 
   inline constexpr size_t dynamic_extent = static_cast<size_t>(-1);
 
@@ -158,23 +158,30 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
       template<contiguous_iterator _It>
 	requires __is_compatible_ref<iter_reference_t<_It>>::value
-	constexpr
+	constexpr explicit(extent != dynamic_extent)
 	span(_It __first, size_type __count)
 	noexcept
 	: _M_extent(__count), _M_ptr(std::to_address(__first))
-	{ __glibcxx_assert(_Extent == dynamic_extent || __count == _Extent); }
+	{
+	  if constexpr (_Extent != dynamic_extent)
+	    {
+	      __glibcxx_assert(__count == _Extent);
+	    }
+	}
 
       template<contiguous_iterator _It, sized_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
 	requires __is_compatible_ref<iter_reference_t<_It>>::value
 	  && (!is_convertible_v<_End, size_type>)
-	constexpr
+	constexpr explicit(extent != dynamic_extent)
 	span(_It __first, _End __last)
 	noexcept(noexcept(__last - __first))
 	: _M_extent(static_cast<size_type>(__last - __first)),
 	  _M_ptr(std::to_address(__first))
 	{
-	  if (_Extent != dynamic_extent)
-	    __glibcxx_assert((__last - __first) == _Extent);
+	  if constexpr (_Extent != dynamic_extent)
+	    {
+	      __glibcxx_assert((__last - __first) == _Extent);
+	    }
 	}
 
       template<typename _Tp, size_t _ArrayExtent>
@@ -199,30 +206,41 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 	{ }
 
       template<typename _Range>
-	requires (_Extent == dynamic_extent)
-	  && ranges::contiguous_range<_Range> && ranges::sized_range<_Range>
+	requires ranges::contiguous_range<_Range> && ranges::sized_range<_Range>
 	  && (ranges::safe_range<_Range> || is_const_v<element_type>)
 	  && (!__detail::__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value)
 	  && (!__detail::__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value)
 	  && (!is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>)
 	  && __is_compatible_ref<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>::value
-	constexpr
+	constexpr explicit(extent != dynamic_extent)
 	span(_Range&& __range)
 	noexcept(noexcept(ranges::data(__range))
 		  && noexcept(ranges::size(__range)))
 	: span(ranges::data(__range), ranges::size(__range))
-	{ }
+	{
+	  if constexpr (extent != dynamic_extent)
+	    {
+	      __glibcxx_assert(ranges::size(__range) == extent);
+	    }
+	}
 
       constexpr
       span(const span&) noexcept = default;
 
       template<typename _OType, size_t _OExtent>
-	requires (_Extent == dynamic_extent || _Extent == _OExtent)
+	requires (_Extent == dynamic_extent || _OExtent == dynamic_extent
+		  || _Extent == _OExtent)
 	  && (__is_array_convertible<_Type, _OType>::value)
 	constexpr
+	explicit(extent != dynamic_extent && _OExtent == dynamic_extent)
 	span(const span<_OType, _OExtent>& __s) noexcept
 	: _M_extent(__s.size()), _M_ptr(__s.data())
-	{ }
+	{
+	  if constexpr (extent != dynamic_extent)
+	    {
+	      __glibcxx_assert(__s.size() == extent);
+	    }
+	}
 
       ~span() noexcept = default;
 
@@ -317,7 +335,8 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 	    __glibcxx_assert(_Count <= size());
 	  else
 	    static_assert(_Count <= extent);
-	  return { this->data(), _Count };
+	  using _Sp = span<element_type, _Count>;
+	  return _Sp{ this->data(), _Count };
 	}
 
       constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
@@ -335,7 +354,8 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 	    __glibcxx_assert(_Count <= size());
 	  else
 	    static_assert(_Count <= extent);
-	  return { this->data() + (this->size() - _Count), _Count };
+	  using _Sp = span<element_type, _Count>;
+	  return _Sp{ this->data() + (this->size() - _Count), _Count };
 	}
 
       constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
@@ -351,12 +371,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 	-> span<element_type, _S_subspan_extent<_Offset, _Count>()>
 	{
 	  if constexpr (_Extent == dynamic_extent)
-	    __glibcxx_assert(_Offset <= size());
+	    {
+	      __glibcxx_assert(_Offset <= size());
+	    }
 	  else
 	    static_assert(_Offset <= extent);
 
+	  using _Sp = span<element_type, _S_subspan_extent<_Offset, _Count>()>;
+
 	  if constexpr (_Count == dynamic_extent)
-	    return { this->data() + _Offset, this->size() - _Offset };
+	    return _Sp{ this->data() + _Offset, this->size() - _Offset };
 	  else
 	    {
 	      if constexpr (_Extent == dynamic_extent)
@@ -369,7 +393,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 		  static_assert(_Count <= extent);
 		  static_assert(_Count <= (extent - _Offset));
 		}
-	      return { this->data() + _Offset, _Count };
+	      return _Sp{ this->data() + _Offset, _Count };
 	    }
 	}
 
@@ -419,7 +443,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 	? dynamic_extent : _Extent * sizeof(_Type)>
     as_bytes(span<_Type, _Extent> __sp) noexcept
     {
-      return {reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(__sp.data()), __sp.size_bytes()};
+      auto data = reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(__sp.data());
+      auto size = __sp.size_bytes();
+      constexpr auto extent = _Extent == dynamic_extent
+	? dynamic_extent : _Extent * sizeof(_Type);
+      return span<const byte, extent>{data, size};
     }
 
   template<typename _Type, size_t _Extent>
@@ -428,7 +456,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
        ? dynamic_extent : _Extent * sizeof(_Type)>
     as_writable_bytes(span<_Type, _Extent> __sp) noexcept
     {
-      return {reinterpret_cast<byte*>(__sp.data()), __sp.size_bytes()};
+      auto data = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(__sp.data());
+      auto size = __sp.size_bytes();
+      constexpr auto extent = _Extent == dynamic_extent
+	? dynamic_extent : _Extent * sizeof(_Type);
+      return span<byte, extent>{data, size};
     }
 
   namespace ranges

libstdc++-v3/include/std/version

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
 #endif
 #define __cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type 201806L
 #define __cpp_lib_math_constants 201907L
-#define __cpp_lib_span 201902L
+#define __cpp_lib_span 202002L
 #if __cpp_impl_three_way_comparison >= 201907L && __cpp_lib_concepts
 # define __cpp_lib_three_way_comparison 201711L
 #endif

libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/span/1.cc

@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@
 
 #ifndef __cpp_lib_span
 # error "Feature-test macro for span missing in <span>"
-#elif __cpp_lib_span != 201902L
+#elif __cpp_lib_span != 202002L
 # error "Feature-test macro for span has wrong value in <span>"
 #endif

libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/span/2.cc

@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@
 
 #ifndef __cpp_lib_span
 # error "Feature-test macro for span missing in <version>"
-#elif __cpp_lib_span != 201902L
+#elif __cpp_lib_span != 202002L
 # error "Feature-test macro for span has wrong value in <version>"
 #endif

libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/span/explicit.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+//
+// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
+// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+// any later version.
+
+// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+// with this library; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
+// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+// { dg-options "-std=gnu++2a" }
+// { dg-do compile { target c++2a } }
+
+#include <span>
+
+struct Range
+{
+  int* begin();
+  int* end();
+  unsigned size() const;
+} r;
+
+auto first = std::begin(r), last = std::end(r);
+
+// span(It, size_type)
+std::span<int> s1 = {first, 2};
+std::span<int, 2> s2 = {first, 2}; // { dg-error "could not convert" }
+
+// span(It, End)
+std::span<int> s3 = {first, last};
+std::span<int, 2> s4 = {first, last}; // { dg-error "could not convert" }
+
+// span(R&&)
+std::span<int> s5 = r;
+std::span<int, 2> s6 = r; // { dg-error "conversion from" }
+
+// span(const span<OtherElement, OtherExtent>&)
+std::span<const int> s7 = s5;
+std::span<const int> s8 = s6;
+std::span<const int, 1> s9 = s5.first(1);  // { dg-error "conversion from" }
+std::span<const int, 1> s10 = s7.first(1); // { dg-error "conversion from" }