c++: Stream definitions for implicit instantiations [PR114170]

An implicit instantiation has an initializer depending on whether
DECL_INITIALIZED_P is set (like normal VAR_DECLs) which needs to be
written to ensure that consumers of header modules properly emit
definitions for these instantiations. This patch ensures that we
correctly fallback to checking this flag when DECL_INITIAL is not set
for a template instantiation.

For variables with non-trivial dynamic initialization, DECL_INITIAL can
be empty after 'split_nonconstant_init' but DECL_INITIALIZED_P is still
set; we need to check the latter to determine if we need to go looking
for a definition to emit (often in 'static_aggregates' here). This is
the case in the linked testcase.

However, for template specialisations (not instantiations?) we primarily
care about DECL_INITIAL; if the variable has initialization depending on
a template parameter then we'll need to emit that definition even though
it doesn't yet have DECL_INITIALIZED_P set; this is the case in e.g.

  template <int N> int value = N;

As a drive-by fix, also ensures that the count of initializers matches
the actual number of initializers written. This doesn't seem to be
necessary for correctness in the current testsuite, but feels wrong and
makes debugging harder when initializers aren't properly written for
other reasons.

	PR c++/114170

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

	* module.cc (has_definition): Fall back to DECL_INITIALIZED_P
	when DECL_INITIAL is not set on a template.
	(module_state::write_inits): Only increment count when
	initializers are actually written.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	* g++.dg/modules/var-tpl-2_a.H: New test.
	* g++.dg/modules/var-tpl-2_b.C: New test.

Signed-off-by: Nathaniel Shead <nathanieloshead@gmail.com>

gcc/cp/module.cc

@@ -11585,9 +11585,11 @@ has_definition (tree decl)
       break;
 
     case VAR_DECL:
+      /* DECL_INITIALIZED_P might not be set on a dependent VAR_DECL.  */
       if (DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (decl)
-	  && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl))
-	return DECL_INITIAL (decl);
+	  && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (decl)
+	  && DECL_INITIAL (decl))
+	return true;
       else
 	{
 	  if (!DECL_INITIALIZED_P (decl))
@@ -17528,13 +17530,14 @@ module_state::write_inits (elf_out *to, depset::hash &table, unsigned *crc_ptr)
   tree list = static_aggregates;
   for (int passes = 0; passes != 2; passes++)
     {
-      for (tree init = list; init; init = TREE_CHAIN (init), count++)
+      for (tree init = list; init; init = TREE_CHAIN (init))
 	if (TREE_LANG_FLAG_0 (init))
 	  {
 	    tree decl = TREE_VALUE (init);
 
 	    dump ("Initializer:%u for %N", count, decl);
 	    sec.tree_node (decl);
+	    ++count;
 	  }
 
       list = tls_aggregates;

gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/modules/var-tpl-2_a.H

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// PR c++/114170
+// { dg-additional-options "-fmodule-header" }
+// { dg-module-cmi {} }
+
+inline int f() { return 42; }
+
+template<class>
+inline int v = f();
+
+inline int g() { return v<int>; }

gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/modules/var-tpl-2_b.C

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// PR c++/114170
+// { dg-module-do run }
+// { dg-additional-options "-fmodules-ts" }
+
+import "var-tpl-2_a.H";
+
+int main() {
+  if (v<int> != 42)
+    __builtin_abort();
+}