Use flexmembers on IBM XL C for AIX

This removes a workaround where Emacs did not use flexible
array members when compiled with IBM XL C.  Instead, avoid
the problem by making the aliasing issues more obvious to
this compiler.
* admin/merge-gnulib: Don’t remove m4/flexmember.m4.
* m4/flexmember.m4: Copy from gnulib.
* configure.ac (AC_C_FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER): Remove workaround.
* src/alloc.c (allocate_string_data): Rephrase to avoid aliasing
problem that would otherwise mess up code generated for flexible
array members by IBM XL C for AIX, V12.1.
* src/conf_post.h (FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER): Remove; now done
by gnulib code.

admin/merge-gnulib

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ test -x "$gnulib_srcdir"/gnulib-tool || {
 }
 
 "$gnulib_srcdir"/gnulib-tool --dir="$src" $GNULIB_TOOL_FLAGS $GNULIB_MODULES &&
-rm -- "$src"lib/gl_openssl.h "$src"m4/fcntl-o.m4 "$src"m4/flexmember.m4 \
+rm -- "$src"lib/gl_openssl.h "$src"m4/fcntl-o.m4 \
       "$src"m4/gl-openssl.m4 \
       "$src"m4/gnulib-cache.m4"$src" m4/warn-on-use.m4 &&
 cp -- "$gnulib_srcdir"/build-aux/texinfo.tex "$src"doc/misc &&

configure.ac

@@ -775,8 +775,6 @@ dnl alternative to lib/gnulib.mk, so as to avoid generating header files
 dnl that clash with MinGW.
 AM_CONDITIONAL([BUILDING_FOR_WINDOWSNT], [test "x$opsys" = "xmingw32"])
 
-# Skip gnulib's tests for flexible array members, as Emacs assumes C99.
-AC_DEFUN([AC_C_FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER])
 # Avoid gnulib's tests for -lcrypto, so that there's no static dependency on it.
 AC_DEFUN([gl_CRYPTO_CHECK])
 # Avoid gnulib's tests for HAVE_WORKING_O_NOATIME and HAVE_WORKING_O_NOFOLLOW,

m4/flexmember.m4

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# serial 4
+# Check for flexible array member support.
+
+# Copyright (C) 2006, 2009-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+# gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+# with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+# Written by Paul Eggert.
+
+AC_DEFUN([AC_C_FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER],
+[
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([for flexible array member],
+    ac_cv_c_flexmember,
+    [AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(
+       [AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+          [[#include <stdlib.h>
+            #include <stdio.h>
+            #include <stddef.h>
+            struct s { int n; double d[]; };]],
+          [[int m = getchar ();
+            size_t nbytes = offsetof (struct s, d) + m * sizeof (double);
+            nbytes += sizeof (struct s) - 1;
+            nbytes -= nbytes % sizeof (struct s);
+            struct s *p = malloc (nbytes);
+            p->d[0] = 0.0;
+            return p->d != (double *) NULL;]])],
+       [ac_cv_c_flexmember=yes],
+       [ac_cv_c_flexmember=no])])
+  if test $ac_cv_c_flexmember = yes; then
+    AC_DEFINE([FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER], [],
+      [Define to nothing if C supports flexible array members, and to
+       1 if it does not.  That way, with a declaration like 'struct s
+       { int n; double d@<:@FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER@:>@; };', the struct hack
+       can be used with pre-C99 compilers.
+       When computing the size of such an object, don't use 'sizeof (struct s)'
+       as it overestimates the size.  Use 'offsetof (struct s, d)' instead.
+       Don't use 'offsetof (struct s, d@<:@0@:>@)', as this doesn't work with
+       MSVC and with C++ compilers.])
+  else
+    AC_DEFINE([FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER], [1])
+  fi
+])

src/alloc.c

@@ -2002,9 +2002,9 @@ allocate_string_data (struct Lisp_String *s,
         mallopt (M_MMAP_MAX, MMAP_MAX_AREAS);
 #endif
 
-      b->next_free = b->data;
-      b->data[0].string = NULL;
+      data = b->data;
       b->next = large_sblocks;
+      b->next_free = data;
       large_sblocks = b;
     }
   else if (current_sblock == NULL
@@ -2014,9 +2014,9 @@ allocate_string_data (struct Lisp_String *s,
     {
       /* Not enough room in the current sblock.  */
       b = lisp_malloc (SBLOCK_SIZE, MEM_TYPE_NON_LISP);
-      b->next_free = b->data;
-      b->data[0].string = NULL;
+      data = b->data;
       b->next = NULL;
+      b->next_free = data;
 
       if (current_sblock)
 	current_sblock->next = b;
@@ -2025,14 +2025,16 @@ allocate_string_data (struct Lisp_String *s,
       current_sblock = b;
     }
   else
-    b = current_sblock;
+    {
+      b = current_sblock;
+      data = b->next_free;
+    }
 
-  data = b->next_free;
+  data->string = s;
   b->next_free = (sdata *) ((char *) data + needed + GC_STRING_EXTRA);
 
   MALLOC_UNBLOCK_INPUT;
 
-  data->string = s;
   s->data = SDATA_DATA (data);
 #ifdef GC_CHECK_STRING_BYTES
   SDATA_NBYTES (data) = nbytes;

src/conf_post.h

@@ -358,16 +358,6 @@ extern int emacs_setenv_TZ (char const *);
 #define INLINE_HEADER_BEGIN _GL_INLINE_HEADER_BEGIN
 #define INLINE_HEADER_END _GL_INLINE_HEADER_END
 
-/* To use the struct hack with N elements, declare the struct like this:
-     struct s { ...; t name[FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER]; };
-   and allocate (offsetof (struct s, name) + N * sizeof (t)) bytes.
-   IBM xlc 12.1 claims to do C99 but mishandles flexible array members.  */
-#ifdef __IBMC__
-# define FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER 1
-#else
-# define FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER
-#endif
-
 /* 'int x UNINIT;' is equivalent to 'int x;', except it cajoles GCC
    into not warning incorrectly about use of an uninitialized variable.  */
 #if defined GCC_LINT || defined lint