Yet more minor changes:
(defcustom): Said that `:options' is usually for a hook. Remove extraneous space in parenthetical remark concerning `text-mode-hook-identify'. At end, mention other defines, too. (Beginning a .emacs File): Reverse words about comments so they parallel numbers of listed semi-colons. (Text and Auto-fill): Remove extraneous blank line in example. (Mail Aliases): Remove extraneous blank line in example. (Keybindings): Reformat as needed with `key' rather than `kbd'. (Keybindings, Miscellaneous, Mode Line): For small book format, start section name on top of new page. (Simple Extension): Replace longer expression with `emacs-major-version'. Remove comment about `number-to-string' function. (Miscellaneous): Add filename option, `-H', to `grep' example (debug, debug-on-entry): Replace `GNU Emacs 22' with `a recent GNU Emacs'. (edebug): More properly state where to place point for 'M-x edebug-defun'.
This commit is contained in:
Robert J. Chassell
parent
d52c204b13
commit
a7b5712cdf
2 changed files with 70 additions and 55 deletions
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@ -1,5 +1,25 @@
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2006-11-05 Robert J. Chassell <bob@rattlesnake.com>
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* emacs-lisp-intro.texi: Yet more minor changes:
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(defcustom): Said that `:options' is usually for a hook. Remove
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extraneous space in parenthetical remark concerning
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`text-mode-hook-identify'. At end, mention other defines, too.
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(Beginning a .emacs File): Reverse words about comments so they
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parallel numbers of listed semi-colons.
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(Text and Auto-fill): Remove extraneous blank line in example.
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(Mail Aliases): Remove extraneous blank line in example.
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(Keybindings): Reformat as needed with `key' rather than `kbd'.
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(Keybindings, Miscellaneous, Mode Line): For small book format, start
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section name on top of new page.
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(Simple Extension): Replace longer expression with
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`emacs-major-version'. Remove comment about `number-to-string'
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function.
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(Miscellaneous): Add filename option, `-H', to `grep' example
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(debug, debug-on-entry): Replace `GNU Emacs 22' with `a recent
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GNU Emacs'.
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(edebug): More properly state where to place point for 'M-x
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edebug-defun'.
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* emacs-lisp-intro.texi: More minor changes.
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Center images for TeX output.
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(kill-new function): Remove indentation for sentence talking about
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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
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@comment %**end of header
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@set edition-number 3.04
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@set edition-number 3.05
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@set update-date 5 November 2006
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@ignore
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@ -17082,7 +17082,7 @@ The @code{:type} keyword tells Emacs the kind of data to which
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Customization buffer.
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The @code{:options} keyword specifies a suggested list of values for
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the variable. Currently, you can use @code{:options} only for a hook.
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the variable. Usually, @code{:options} applies to a hook.
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The list is only a suggestion; it is not exclusive; a person who sets
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the variable may set it to other values; the list shown following the
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@code{:options} keyword is intended to offer convenient choices to a
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@ -17092,6 +17092,7 @@ Finally, the @code{:group} keyword tells the Emacs Customization
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command in which group the variable is located. This tells where to
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find it.
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The @code{defcustom} function recognizes more than a dozen keywords.
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For more information, see @ref{Customization, , Writing Customization
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Definitions, elisp, The GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
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@ -17135,8 +17136,7 @@ It will look like this:
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@noindent
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(The @code{text-mode-hook-identify} function tells
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@code{toggle-text-mode-auto-fill} which buffers are in Text mode.
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It comes on automatically.
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)
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It comes on automatically.)
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The @code{custom-set-variables} function works somewhat differently
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than a @code{setq}. While I have never learned the differences, I
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@ -17187,11 +17187,12 @@ expressions myself.
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@findex defsubst
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@findex defconst
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Incidentally, @code{defsubst} defines an inline function. The syntax
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is just like that of @code{defun}. @code{defconst} defines a symbol
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as a constant. The intent is that neither programs nor users should
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ever change a value set by @code{defconst}. (You can change it; the
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value set is a variable; but please do not.)
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Incidentally, to be more complete concerning defines: @code{defsubst}
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defines an inline function. The syntax is just like that of
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@code{defun}. @code{defconst} defines a symbol as a constant. The
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intent is that neither programs nor users should ever change a value
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set by @code{defconst}. (You can change it; the value set is a
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variable; but please do not.)
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@node Beginning a .emacs File, Text and Auto-fill, defcustom, Emacs Initialization
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@section Beginning a @file{.emacs} File
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@ -17240,9 +17241,9 @@ adding to it ever since.
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@noindent
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This describes the usual conventions for comments in Emacs Lisp.
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Everything on a line that follows a semicolon is a comment. Two,
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three, and four semicolons are used as section and subsection
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markers. (@xref{Comments, ,, elisp, The GNU Emacs Lisp Reference
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Manual}, for more about comments.)
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three, and four semicolons are used as subsection and section markers.
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(@xref{Comments, ,, elisp, The GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}, for
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more about comments.)
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@smallexample
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@group
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@ -17288,7 +17289,6 @@ Auto Fill mode.
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; The next two lines put Emacs into Text mode
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; and Auto Fill mode, and are for writers who
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; want to start writing prose rather than code.
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(setq default-major-mode 'text-mode)
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(add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'turn-on-auto-fill)
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@end group
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@ -17411,7 +17411,6 @@ reminders.
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; To enter mail mode, type `C-x m'
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; To enter RMAIL (for reading mail),
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; type `M-x rmail'
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(setq mail-aliases t)
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@end group
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@end smallexample
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@ -17471,6 +17470,7 @@ See sections ``Tabs vs.@: Spaces'' and ``Local Variables in
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Files'' in @cite{The GNU Emacs Manual}.
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@end iftex
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@need 1700
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@node Keybindings, Keymaps, Indent Tabs Mode, Emacs Initialization
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@section Some Keybindings
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@ -17498,13 +17498,14 @@ This also shows how to set a key globally, for all modes.
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The command is @code{global-set-key}. It is followed by the
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keybinding. In a @file{.emacs} file, the keybinding is written as
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shown: @code{\C-c} stands for `control-c', which means `press the
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control key and the @kbd{c} key at the same time'. The @code{w} means
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`press the @kbd{w} key'. The keybinding is surrounded by double
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quotation marks. In documentation, you would write this as @kbd{C-c
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w}. (If you were binding a @key{META} key, such as @kbd{M-c}, rather
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than a @key{CTRL} key, you would write @code{\M-c}. @xref{Init
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Rebinding, , Rebinding Keys in Your Init File, emacs, The GNU Emacs
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Manual}, for details.)
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control key and the @key{c} key at the same time'. The @code{w} means
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`press the @key{w} key'. The keybinding is surrounded by double
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quotation marks. In documentation, you would write this as
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@w{@kbd{C-c w}}. (If you were binding a @key{META} key, such as
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@kbd{M-c}, rather than a @key{CTRL} key, you would write
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@w{@code{\M-c}} in your @file{.emacs} file. @xref{Init Rebinding, ,
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Rebinding Keys in Your Init File, emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}, for
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details.)
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The command invoked by the keys is @code{compare-windows}. Note that
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@code{compare-windows} is preceded by a single quote; otherwise, Emacs
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@ -17793,8 +17794,8 @@ Here is a typical example:
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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(@code{html-helper-mode} is an alternative to @code{html-mode}, which
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is a standard part of the distribution).
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(@code{html-helper-mode} is an older alternative to @code{html-mode},
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which is a standard part of the distribution.)
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@noindent
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This expression autoloads the @code{html-helper-mode} function. It
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@ -17866,18 +17867,18 @@ the following conditional:
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@smallexample
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@group
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(cond
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((string-equal (number-to-string 21) (substring (emacs-version) 10 12))
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(= 21 emacs-major-version)
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;; evaluate version 21 code
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( @dots{} ))
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((string-equal (number-to-string 22) (substring (emacs-version) 10 12))
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(= 22 emacs-major-version)
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;; evaluate version 22 code
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( @dots{} )))
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@end group
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@end smallexample
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For example, in contrast to version 20, version 21 blinks its cursor
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by default. I hate such blinking, as well as some other features in
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version 21, so I placed the following in my @file{.emacs}
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For example, in contrast to version 20, more recent versions blink
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their cursors by default. I hate such blinking, as well as other
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features, so I placed the following in my @file{.emacs}
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file@footnote{When I start instances of Emacs that do not load my
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@file{.emacs} file or any site file, I also turn off blinking:
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@ -17892,8 +17893,8 @@ emacs -Q - D
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@smallexample
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@group
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(if (string-equal "21" (substring (emacs-version) 10 12))
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(progn
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(when (or (= 21 emacs-major-version)
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(= 22 emacs-major-version))
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(blink-cursor-mode 0)
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;; Insert newline when you press `C-n' (next-line)
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;; at the end of the buffer
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@ -17919,20 +17920,11 @@ emacs -Q - D
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;; (Use numeric argument to turn on)
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(tooltip-mode nil)
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;; If tooltips turned on, make tips appear promptly
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(setq tooltip-delay 0.1) ; default is one second
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))
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(setq tooltip-delay 0.1) ; default is 0.7 second
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)
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@end group
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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(You will note that instead of typing @code{(number-to-string 21)}, I
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decided to save typing and wrote `21' as a string, @code{"21"}, rather
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than convert it from an integer to a string. In this instance, this
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expression is better than the longer, but more general
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@code{(number-to-string 21)}. However, if you do not know ahead of
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time what type of information will be returned, then the
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@code{number-to-string} function will be needed.)
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@node X11 Colors, Miscellaneous, Simple Extension, Emacs Initialization
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@section X11 Colors
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@ -18010,9 +18002,11 @@ in those cases, I often specify an image rather than a plain color.}:
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xsetroot -solid Navy -fg white &
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@end smallexample
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@need 1700
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@node Miscellaneous, Mode Line, X11 Colors, Emacs Initialization
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@section Miscellaneous Settings for a @file{.emacs} File
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@need 1250
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Here are a few miscellaneous settings:
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@sp 1
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@ -18096,13 +18090,15 @@ problem recently.)
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@noindent
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or start GNU Emacs with the command @code{emacs -nbc}.
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@item Ignore case when using `grep'@*
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@samp{-n}@w{ } Prefix each line of output with line number@*
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@need 1250
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@item When using `grep'@*
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@samp{-i}@w{ } Ignore case distinctions@*
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@samp{-n}@w{ } Prefix each line of output with line number@*
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@samp{-H}@w{ } Print the filename for each match.@*
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@samp{-e}@w{ } Protect patterns beginning with a hyphen character, @samp{-}
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@smallexample
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(setq grep-command "grep -n -i -e ")
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(setq grep-command "grep -i -nH -e ")
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@end smallexample
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@ignore
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@ -18165,9 +18161,7 @@ For a boot script:
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@smallexample
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@group
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loadkeys /usr/share/keymaps/i386/qwerty/emacs2.kmap.gz
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@exdent or
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install-keymap emacs2
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@end group
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@end smallexample
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@ -18200,6 +18194,7 @@ xmodmap -e "keysym Alt_L = Meta_L Alt_L"
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@end group
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@end smallexample
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@need 1700
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@node Mode Line, , Miscellaneous, Emacs Initialization
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@section A Modified Mode Line
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@vindex default-mode-line-format
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@ -18422,8 +18417,8 @@ argument of 4:
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@end smallexample
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@noindent
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In GNU Emacs version 21, you will create and enter a
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@file{*Backtrace*} buffer that says:
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In a recent GNU Emacs, you will create and enter a @file{*Backtrace*}
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buffer that says:
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@noindent
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@smallexample
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@ -18472,9 +18467,9 @@ version 21.
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However, suppose you are not quite certain what is going on?
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You can read the complete backtrace.
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In this case, you need to run GNU Emacs 22, which automatically starts
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the debugger that puts you in the @file{*Backtrace*} buffer; or else,
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you need to start the debugger manually as described below.
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In this case, you need to run a recent GNU Emacs, which automatically
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starts the debugger that puts you in the @file{*Backtrace*} buffer; or
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else, you need to start the debugger manually as described below.
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Read the @file{*Backtrace*} buffer from the bottom up; it tells you
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what Emacs did that led to the error. Emacs made an interactive call
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@ -18514,8 +18509,8 @@ then run your test again.
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@section @code{debug-on-entry}
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@findex debug-on-entry
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GNU Emacs 22 starts the debugger automatically when your function has
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an error.
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A recent GNU Emacs starts the debugger automatically when your
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function has an error.
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@ignore
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GNU Emacs version 20 and before did not; it simply
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@ -18725,7 +18720,8 @@ Interactive mode.)
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@need 1500
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However, to prepare this function definition for Edebug, you must
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first @dfn{instrument} the code using a different command. You can do
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this by positioning your cursor within the definition and typing
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this by positioning your cursor within or just after the definition
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and typing
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@smallexample
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M-x edebug-defun RET
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@ -22635,4 +22631,3 @@ airplane.
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@ignore
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arch-tag: da1a2154-531f-43a8-8e33-fc7faad10acf
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@end ignore
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Reference in a new issue