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Document arguments to Eshell's built-in commands

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* lisp/eshell/em-unix.el (eshell/ln): LINK_NAME is required.

* lisp/eshell/esh-ext.el (eshell/addpath):
* lisp/eshell/esh-var.el (eshell/env): Improve help strings slightly.

* doc/misc/eshell.texi (Scripts): Explain $0, $1, etc.
(Dollars Expansion): Use "@dots{}" instead of "...".
(Built-ins, Tramp extensions, Extra built-in commands): Document
command-line arguments.
This commit is contained in:
Jim Porter 2023-08-15 18:51:20 -07:00
parent be6de56906
commit 5c43ef86bf
4 changed files with 500 additions and 176 deletions
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doc/misc/eshell.texi
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@ -481,72 +481,88 @@ loaded as part of the eshell-xtra module. @xref{Extension modules}.
@table @code
@item .
@item . @var{file} [@var{argument}]@dots{}
@cmindex .
Source an Eshell file in the current environment. This is not to be
confused with the command @command{source}, which sources a file in a
subshell environment.
Source an Eshell script named @var{file} in the current environment,
passing any @var{arguments} to the script (@pxref{Scripts}). This is
not to be confused with the command @command{source}, which sources a
file in a subshell environment.
@item addpath
@itemx addpath [-b] @var{directory}@dots{}
@cmindex addpath
Adds a given path or set of paths to the PATH environment variable, or,
with no arguments, prints the current paths in this variable.
Adds each specified @var{directory} to the @code{$PATH} environment
variable. By default, this adds the directories to the end of
@code{$PATH}, in the order they were passed on the command line; by
passing @code{-b} or @code{--begin}, Eshell will instead add the
directories to the beginning.
With no directories, print the list of directories currently stored in
@code{$PATH}.
@item alias
@itemx alias @var{name} [@var{command}]
@cmindex alias
Define an alias (@pxref{Aliases}). This adds it to the aliases file.
Define an alias named @var{name} and expanding to @var{command},
adding it to the aliases file (@pxref{Aliases}). If @var{command} is
omitted, delete the alias named @var{name}. With no arguments at all,
list all the currently-defined aliases.
@item basename
@item basename @var{filename}
@cmindex basename
Return a file name without its directory.
Return @var{filename} without its directory.
@item cat
@item cat @var{file}@dots{}
@cmindex cat
Concatenate file contents into standard output. If in a pipeline, or
if the file is not a regular file, directory, or symlink, then this
command reverts to the system's definition of @command{cat}.
Concatenate the contents of @var{file}s to standard output. If in a
pipeline, or if any of the files is not a regular file, directory, or
symlink, then this command reverts to the system's definition of
@command{cat}.
@item cd
@itemx cd @var{directory}
@itemx cd -[@var{n}]
@itemx cd =[@var{regexp}]
@cmindex cd
This command changes the current working directory. Usually, it is
invoked as @kbd{cd @var{dir}} where @file{@var{dir}} is the new
working directory. But @command{cd} knows about a few special
arguments:
Change the current working directory. This command can take several
forms:
@itemize @minus{}
@item
When it receives no argument at all, it changes to the home directory.
@table @code
@item
Giving the command @kbd{cd -} changes back to the previous working
directory (this is the same as @kbd{cd $-}).
@item cd
Change to the user's home directory.
@item
The command @kbd{cd =} shows the directory ring. Each line is
numbered.
@item cd @var{directory}
Change to the specified @var{directory}.
@item
With @kbd{cd =foo}, Eshell searches the directory ring for a directory
matching the regular expression @samp{foo}, and changes to that
directory.
@item cd -
Change back to the previous working directory (this is the same as
@kbd{cd $-}).
@item
With @kbd{cd -42}, you can access the directory stack slots by number.
@item cd -@var{n}
Change to the directory in the @var{nth} slot of the directory stack.
@item cd =
Show the directory ring. Each line is numbered.
@item cd =@var{regexp}
Search the directory ring for a directory matching the regular
expression @var{regexp} and change to that directory.
@end table
@item
@vindex eshell-cd-shows-directory
@vindex eshell-list-files-after-cd
If @code{eshell-cd-shows-directory} is non-@code{nil}, @command{cd}
will report the directory it changes to. If
@code{eshell-list-files-after-cd} is non-@code{nil}, then @command{ls}
is called with any remaining arguments after changing directories.
@end itemize
@item clear
@item clear [@var{scrollback}]
@cmindex clear
Scrolls the contents of the Eshell window out of sight, leaving a
blank window. If provided with an optional non-@code{nil} argument,
the scrollback contents are cleared instead.
blank window. If @var{scrollback} is non-@code{nil}, the scrollback
contents are cleared instead, as with @command{clear-scrollback}.
@item clear-scrollback
@cmindex clear-scrollback
@ -554,21 +570,30 @@ Clear the scrollback contents of the Eshell window. Unlike the
command @command{clear}, this command deletes content in the Eshell
buffer.
@item compile
@item compile [-p | -i] [-m @var{mode-name}] @var{command}@dots{}
@cmindex compile
Run an external command, sending its output to a compilation buffer if
the command would output to the screen and is not part of a pipeline
or subcommand. This is particularly useful when defining aliases, so
or subcommand.
With the @code{-p} or @code{--plain} options, always send the output
to the Eshell buffer; similarly, with @code{-i} or
@code{--interactive}, always send the output to a compilation buffer.
You can also set the mode of the compilation buffer with @code{-m
@var{mode-name}} or @code{--mode @var{mode-name}}.
@command{compile} is particularly useful when defining aliases, so
that interactively, the output shows up in a compilation buffer, but
you can still pipe the output elsewhere if desired. For example, if
you have a grep-like command on your system, you might define an alias
for it like so: @samp{alias mygrep 'compile --mode=grep-mode -- mygrep
$*'}.
@item cp
@item cp [@var{option}@dots{}] @var{source} @var{dest}
@item cp [@var{option}@dots{}] @var{source}@dots{} @var{directory}
@cmindex cp
Copy a file to a new location or copy multiple files to the same
directory.
Copy the file @var{source} to @var{dest} or @var{source} into
@var{directory}.
@vindex eshell-cp-overwrite-files
@vindex eshell-cp-interactive-query
@ -577,26 +602,59 @@ If @code{eshell-cp-overwrite-files} is non-@code{nil}, then
@code{eshell-cp-interactive-query} is non-@code{nil}, then
@command{cp} will ask before overwriting anything.
@item date
@command{cp} accepts the following options:
@table @asis
@item @code{-a}, @code{--archive}
Equivalent to @code{--no-dereference --preserve --recursive}.
@item @code{-d}, @code{--no-dereference}
Don't dereference symbolic links when copying; instead, copy the link
itself.
@item @code{-f}, @code{--force}
Never prompt for confirmation before copying a file.
@item @code{-i}, @code{--interactive}
Prompt for confirmation before copying a file if the target already
exists.
@item @code{-n}, @code{--preview}
Run the command, but don't copy anything. This is useful if you
want to preview what would be removed when calling @command{cp}.
@item @code{-p}, @code{--preserve}
Attempt to preserve file attributes when copying.
@item @code{-r}, @code{-R}, @code{--recursive}
Copy any specified directories and their contents recursively.
@item @code{-v}, @code{--verbose}
Print the name of each file before copying it.
@end table
@item date [@var{specified-time} [@var{zone}]]
@cmindex date
Print the current local time as a human-readable string. This command
is similar to, but slightly different from, the GNU Coreutils
@command{date} command.
is an alias to the Emacs Lisp function @code{current-time-string}
(@pxref{Time of Day,,, elisp, GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}).
@item diff
@item diff [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{old} @var{new}
@cmindex diff
Compare files using Emacs's internal @code{diff} (not to be confused
with @code{ediff}). @xref{Comparing Files, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs
Manual}.
Compare the files @var{old} and @var{new} using Emacs's internal
@code{diff} (not to be confused with @code{ediff}). @xref{Comparing
Files, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
@vindex eshell-plain-diff-behavior
If @code{eshell-plain-diff-behavior} is non-@code{nil}, then this
command does not use Emacs's internal @code{diff}. This is the same
as using @samp{alias diff '*diff $@@*'}.
@item dirname
@item dirname @var{filename}
@cmindex dirname
Return the directory component of a file name.
Return the directory component of @var{filename}.
@item dirs
@cmindex dirs
@ -604,25 +662,75 @@ Prints the directory stack. Directories can be added or removed from
the stack using the commands @command{pushd} and @command{popd},
respectively.
@item du
@item du [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{file}@dots{}
@cmindex du
Summarize disk usage for each file.
Summarize disk usage for each file, recursing into directories.
@item echo
@command{du} accepts the following options:
@table @asis
@item @code{-a}, @code{--all}
Print sizes for files, not just directories.
@item @code{--block-size=@var{size}}
Print sizes as number of blocks of size @var{size}.
@item @code{-b}, @code{--bytes}
Print file sizes in bytes.
@item @code{-c}, @code{--total}
Print a grand total of the sizes at the end.
@item @code{-d}, @code{--max-depth=@var{depth}}
Only print sizes for directories (or files with @code{--all}) that are
@var{depth} or fewer levels below the command line arguments.
@item @code{-h}, @code{--human-readable}
Print sizes in human-readable format, with binary prefixes (so 1 KB is
1024 bytes).
@item @code{-H}, @code{--si}
Print sizes in human-readable format, with decimal prefixes (so 1 KB
is 1000 bytes).
@item @code{-k}, @code{--kilobytes}
Print file sizes in kilobytes (like @code{--block-size=1024}).
@item @code{-L}, @code{--dereference}
Follow symbolic links when traversing files.
@item @code{-m}, @code{--megabytes}
Print file sizes in megabytes (like @code{--block-size=1048576}).
@item @code{-s}, @code{--summarize}
Don't recurse into subdirectories (like @code{--max-depth=0}).
@item @code{-x}, @code{--one-file-system}
Skip any directories that reside on different filesystems.
@end table
@item echo [-n | -N] [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex echo
Echoes its input. By default, this prints in a Lisp-friendly fashion
(so that the value is useful to a Lisp command using the result of
@command{echo} as an argument). If a single argument is passed,
@command{echo} prints that; if multiple arguments are passed, it
prints a list of all the arguments; otherwise, it prints the empty
string.
Prints the value of each @var{arg}. By default, this prints in a
Lisp-friendly fashion (so that the value is useful to a Lisp command
using the result of @command{echo} as an argument). If a single
argument is passed, @command{echo} prints that; if multiple arguments
are passed, it prints a list of all the arguments; otherwise, it
prints the empty string.
@vindex eshell-plain-echo-behavior
If @code{eshell-plain-echo-behavior} is non-@code{nil}, @command{echo}
will try to behave more like a plain shell's @command{echo}, printing
each argument as a string, separated by a space.
@item env
You can control whether @command{echo} outputs a trailing newline
using @code{-n} to disable the trailing newline (the default behavior)
or @code{-N} to enable it (the default when
@code{eshell-plain-echo-behavior} is non-@code{nil}).
@item env [@var{var}=@var{value}]@dots{} [@var{command}]@dots{}
@cmindex env
With no arguments, print the current environment variables. If you
pass arguments to this command, then @command{env} will execute the
@ -630,7 +738,7 @@ arguments as a command. If you pass any initial arguments of the form
@samp{@var{var}=@var{value}}, @command{env} will first set @var{var}
to @var{value} before running the command.
@item eshell-debug
@item eshell-debug [error | form | process]@dots{}
@cmindex eshell-debug
Toggle debugging information for Eshell itself. You can pass this
command one or more of the following arguments:
@ -658,65 +766,86 @@ Exit Eshell and save the history. By default, this command kills the
Eshell buffer, but if @code{eshell-kill-on-exit} is @code{nil}, then
the buffer is merely buried instead.
@item export
@item export [@var{name}=@var{value}]@dots{}
@cmindex export
Set environment variables using input like Bash's @command{export}, as
in @samp{export @var{var1}=@var{val1} @var{var2}=@var{val2} @dots{}}.
@item grep
@item grep [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex grep
@itemx agrep
@itemx agrep [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex agrep
@itemx egrep
@itemx egrep [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex egrep
@itemx fgrep
@itemx fgrep [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex fgrep
@itemx rgrep
@itemx rgrep [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex rgrep
@itemx glimpse
@itemx glimpse [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex glimpse
The @command{grep} commands are compatible with GNU @command{grep},
but use Emacs's internal @code{grep} instead.
but open a compilation buffer in @code{grep-mode} instead.
@xref{Grep Searching, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
@vindex eshell-plain-grep-behavior
If @code{eshell-plain-grep-behavior} is non-@code{nil}, then these
commands do not use Emacs's internal @code{grep}. This is the same as
using @samp{alias grep '*grep $@@*'}, though this setting applies to
all of the built-in commands for which you would need to create a
separate alias.
commands do not use open a compilation buffer, instead printing output
to Eshell's buffer. This is the same as using @samp{alias grep '*grep
$@@*'}, though this setting applies to all of the built-in commands
for which you would need to create a separate alias.
@item history
@item history [@var{n}]
@itemx history [-arw] [@var{filename}]
@cmindex history
Prints Eshell's input history. With a numeric argument @var{N}, this
command prints the @var{N} most recent items in the history.
Prints Eshell's input history. With a numeric argument @var{n}, this
command prints the @var{n} most recent items in the history.
Alternately, you can specify the following options:
@item info
@table @asis
@item @code{-a}, @code{--append}
Append new history items to the history file.
@item @code{-r}, @code{--read}
Read history items from the history file and append them to the
current shell's history.
@item @code{-w}, @code{--write}
Write the current history list to the history file.
@end table
@item info [@var{manual} [@var{item}]@dots{}]
@cmindex info
Browse the available Info documentation. This command is the same as
the external @command{info} command, but uses Emacs's internal Info
reader.
@xref{Misc Help, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
Browse the available Info documentation. With no arguments, browse
the top-level menu. Otherwise, show the manual for @var{manual},
selecting the menu entry for @var{item}.
This command is the same as the external @command{info} command, but
uses Emacs's internal Info reader. @xref{Misc Help, , , emacs, The
GNU Emacs Manual}.
@item jobs
@cmindex jobs
List subprocesses of the Emacs process, if any, using the function
@code{list-processes}.
@item kill
@item kill [-@var{signal}] [@var{pid} | @var{process}]
@cmindex kill
Kill processes. Takes a PID or a process object and an optional
signal specifier which can either be a number or a signal name.
@var{signal} specifier which can either be a number or a signal name.
@item listify
@item listify [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex listify
Eshell version of @code{list}. Allows you to create a list using Eshell
syntax, rather than Elisp syntax. For example, @samp{listify foo bar}
and @code{("foo" "bar")} both evaluate to @code{("foo" "bar")}.
Return the arguments as a single list. With a single argument, return
it as-is if it's already a list, or otherwise wrap it in a list. With
multiple arguments, return a list of all of them.
@item ln
@item ln [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{target} [@var{link-name}]
@itemx ln [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{target}@dots{} @var{directory}
@cmindex ln
Create links to files.
Create a link to the specified @var{target} named @var{link-name} or
create links to multiple @var{targets} in @var{directory}.
@vindex eshell-ln-overwrite-files
@vindex eshell-ln-interactive-query
@ -725,7 +854,30 @@ will overwrite files without warning. If
@code{eshell-ln-interactive-query} is non-@code{nil}, then
@command{ln} will ask before overwriting files.
@item locate
@command{ln} accepts the following options:
@table @asis
@item @code{-f}, @code{--force}
Never prompt for confirmation before linking a target.
@item @code{-i}, @code{--interactive}
Prompt for confirmation before linking to an item if the source
already exists.
@item @code{-n}, @code{--preview}
Run the command, but don't move anything. This is useful if you
want to preview what would be linked when calling @command{ln}.
@item @code{-s}, @code{--symbolic}
Make symbolic links instead of hard links.
@item @code{-v}, @code{--verbose}
Print the name of each file before linking it.
@end table
@item locate @var{arg}@dots{}
@cmindex locate
Alias to Emacs's @code{locate} function, which simply runs the external
@command{locate} command and parses the results.
@ -736,21 +888,11 @@ If @code{eshell-plain-locate-behavior} is non-@code{nil}, then Emacs's
internal @code{locate} is not used. This is the same as using
@samp{alias locate '*locate $@@*'}.
@item ls
@item ls [@var{option}]@dots{} [@var{file}]@dots{}
@cmindex ls
Lists the contents of directories.
@vindex eshell-ls-use-colors
If @code{eshell-ls-use-colors} is non-@code{nil}, the contents of a
directory is color-coded according to file type and status. These
colors and the regexps used to identify their corresponding files can
be customized via @w{@kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET} eshell-ls @key{RET}}}.
@vindex eshell-ls-date-format
The user option @code{eshell-ls-date-format} determines how the date
is displayed when using the @option{-l} option. The date is produced
using the function @code{format-time-string} (@pxref{Time Parsing,,,
elisp, GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}).
List information about each @var{file}, including the contents of any
specified directories. If @var{file} is unspecified, list the
contents of the current directory.
@vindex eshell-ls-initial-args
The user option @code{eshell-ls-initial-args} contains a list of
@ -758,29 +900,117 @@ arguments to include with any call to @command{ls}. For example, you
can include the option @option{-h} to always use a more human-readable
format.
@vindex eshell-ls-default-blocksize
The user option @code{eshell-ls-default-blocksize} determines the
default blocksize used when displaying file sizes with the option
@option{-s}.
@vindex eshell-ls-use-colors
If @code{eshell-ls-use-colors} is non-@code{nil}, the contents of a
directory is color-coded according to file type and status. These
colors and the regexps used to identify their corresponding files can
be customized via @w{@kbd{M-x customize-group @key{RET} eshell-ls
@key{RET}}}.
@item make
@command{ls} supports the following options:
@table @asis
@item @code{-a}, @code{--all}
List all files, including ones starting with @samp{.}.
@item @code{-A}, @code{--almost-all}
Like @code{--all}, but don't list the current directory (@file{.}) or
the parent directory (@file{..}).
@item @code{-c}, @code{--by-ctime}
Sort files by last status change time, with newest files first.
@item @code{-C}
List entries by columns.
@item @code{-d}, @code{--directory}
List directory entries instead of their contents.
@item @code{-h}, @code{--human-readable}
Print sizes in human-readable format, with binary prefixes (so 1 KB is
1024 bytes).
@item @code{-H}, @code{--si}
Print sizes in human-readable format, with decimal prefixes (so 1 KB
is 1000 bytes).
@item @code{-I@var{pattern}}, @code{--ignore=@var{pattern}}
Don't list directory entries matching @var{pattern}.
@item @code{-k}, @code{--kilobytes}
Print sizes as 1024-byte kilobytes.
@vindex eshell-ls-date-format
@item @code{-l}
Use a long listing format showing details for each file. The user
option @code{eshell-ls-date-format} determines how the date is
displayed when using this option. The date is produced using the
function @code{format-time-string} (@pxref{Time Parsing,,, elisp, GNU
Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}).
@item @code{-L}, @code{--dereference}
Follow symbolic links when listing entries.
@item @code{-n}, @code{--numeric-uid-gid}
Show UIDs and GIDs numerically, instead of using their names.
@item @code{-r}, @code{--reverse}
Reverse order when sorting.
@item @code{-R}, @code{--recursive}
List subdirectories recursively.
@item @code{-s}, @code{--size}
Show the size of each file in blocks.
@vindex eshell-ls-default-blocksize
@item @code{-S}
Sort by file size, with largest files first. The user option
@code{eshell-ls-default-blocksize} determines the default blocksize
used when displaying file sizes with this option.
@item @code{-t}
Sort by modification time, with newest files first.
@item @code{-u}
Sort by last access time, with newest files first.
@item @code{-U}
Do not sort results. Instead, list entries in their directory order.
@item @code{-x}
List entries by lines instead of by columns.
@item @code{-X}
Sort alphabetically by file extension.
@item @code{-1}
List one file per line.
@end table
@item make [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex make
Run @command{make} through @code{compile} when run asynchronously
(e.g., @samp{make &}). @xref{Compilation, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs
Manual}. Otherwise call the external @command{make} command.
@item man
@item man [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex man
Display Man pages using the Emacs @code{man} command.
@xref{Man Page, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
@item mkdir
@item mkdir [-p] @var{directory}@dots{}
@cmindex mkdir
Make new directories.
Make new directories. With @code{-p} or @code{--parents},
automatically make any necessary parent directories as well.
@item mv
@item mv [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{source} @var{dest}
@itemx mv [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{source}@dots{} @var{directory}
@cmindex mv
Move or rename files.
Rename the file @var{source} to @var{dest} or move @var{source} into
@var{directory}.
@vindex eshell-mv-overwrite-files
@vindex eshell-mv-interactive-query
@ -789,40 +1019,93 @@ will overwrite files without warning. If
@code{eshell-mv-interactive-query} is non-@code{nil}, @command{mv}
will prompt before overwriting anything.
@item occur
@command{mv} accepts the following options:
@table @asis
@item @code{-f}, @code{--force}
Never prompt for confirmation before moving an item.
@item @code{-i}, @code{--interactive}
Prompt for confirmation before moving an item if the target already
exists.
@item @code{-n}, @code{--preview}
Run the command, but don't move anything. This is useful if you
want to preview what would be moved when calling @command{mv}.
@item @code{-v}, @code{--verbose}
Print the name of each item before moving it.
@end table
@item occur @var{regexp} [@var{nlines}]
@cmindex occur
Alias to Emacs's @code{occur}.
@xref{Other Repeating Search, , , emacs, The GNU Emacs Manual}.
@item popd
@item popd +@var{n}
@cmindex popd
Pop a directory from the directory stack and switch to a another place
in the stack.
in the stack. This command can take the following forms:
@item printnl
@table @code
@item popd
Remove the current directory from the directory stack and change to
the directory beneath it.
@item popd +@var{n}
Remove the current directory from the directory stack and change to
the @var{nth} directory in the stack (counting from zero).
@end table
@item printnl [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex printnl
Print the arguments separated by newlines.
Print all the @var{arg}s separated by newlines.
@item pushd
@itemx pushd @var{directory}
@itemx pushd +@var{n}
@cmindex pushd
Push the current directory onto the directory stack, then change to
another directory.
another directory. This command can take the following forms:
@table @code
@vindex eshell-pushd-tohome
@item pushd
Swap the current directory with the directory on the top of the stack.
If @code{eshell-pushd-tohome} is non-@code{nil}, push the current
directory onto the stack and change to the user's home directory (like
@samp{pushd ~}).
@vindex eshell-pushd-dunique
@item pushd @var{directory}
Push the current directory onto the stack and change to
@var{directory}. If @code{eshell-pushd-dunique} is non-@code{nil},
then only unique directories will be added to the stack.
@vindex eshell-pushd-dextract
If @code{eshell-pushd-dunique} is non-@code{nil}, then only unique
directories will be added to the stack. If
@code{eshell-pushd-dextract} is non-@code{nil}, then @samp{pushd
+@var{n}} will pop the @var{n}th directory to the top of the stack.
@item pushd +@var{n}
Change to the @var{nth} directory in the directory stack (counting
from zero), and ``rotate'' the stack by moving any elements before the
@var{nth} to the bottom. If @code{eshell-pushd-dextract} is
non-@code{nil}, then @samp{pushd +@var{n}} will instead pop the
@var{n}th directory to the top of the stack.
@end table
@item pwd
@cmindex pwd
Prints the current working directory.
@item rm
@item rm [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{item}@dots{}
@cmindex rm
Removes files, buffers, processes, or Emacs Lisp symbols, depending on
the argument.
the type of each @var{item}.
@vindex eshell-rm-interactive-query
@vindex eshell-rm-removes-directories
@ -832,56 +1115,84 @@ will prompt before removing anything. If
@command{rm} can also remove directories. Otherwise, @command{rmdir}
is required.
@item rmdir
@command{rm} accepts the following options:
@table @asis
@item @code{-f}, @code{--force}
Never prompt for confirmation before removing an item.
@item @code{-i}, @code{--interactive}
Prompt for confirmation before removing each item.
@item @code{-n}, @code{--preview}
Run the command, but don't remove anything. This is useful if you
want to preview what would be removed when calling @command{rm}.
@item @code{-r}, @code{-R}, @code{--recursive}
Remove any specified directories and their contents recursively.
@item @code{-v}, @code{--verbose}
Print the name of each item before removing it.
@end table
@item rmdir @var{directory}@dots{}
@cmindex rmdir
Removes directories if they are empty.
@item set
@item set [@var{var} @var{value}]@dots{}
@cmindex set
Set variable values, using the function @code{set} like a command
(@pxref{Setting Variables,,, elisp, GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}).
A variable name can be a symbol, in which case it refers to a Lisp
variable, or a string, referring to an environment variable
The value of @var{var} can be a symbol, in which case it refers to a
Lisp variable, or a string, referring to an environment variable
(@pxref{Arguments}).
@item setq
@item setq [@var{symbol} @var{value}]@dots{}
@cmindex setq
Set variable values, using the function @code{setq} like a command
(@pxref{Setting Variables,,, elisp, GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}).
@item source
@item source @var{file} [@var{argument}]@dots{}
@cmindex source
Source an Eshell file in a subshell environment. This is not to be
confused with the command @command{.}, which sources a file in the
current environment.
Source an Eshell script named @var{file} in a subshell environment,
passing any @var{argument}s to the script (@pxref{Scripts}). This is
not to be confused with the command @command{.}, which sources a file
in the current environment.
@item time
@item time @var{command}@dots{}
@cmindex time
Show the time elapsed during a command's execution.
Show the time elapsed during the execution of @var{command}.
@item umask
@item umask [-S]
@itemx umask @var{mode}
@cmindex umask
Set or view the default file permissions for newly created files and
directories.
View the default file permissions for newly created files and
directories. If you pass @code{-S} or @code{--symbolic}, view the
mode symbolically. With @var{mode}, set the default permissions to
this value.
@item unset
@item unset [@var{var}]@dots{}
@cmindex unset
Unset one or more variables. As with @command{set}, a variable name
can be a symbol, in which case it refers to a Lisp variable, or a
string, referring to an environment variable.
Unset one or more variables. As with @command{set}, the value of
@var{var} can be a symbol, in which case it refers to a Lisp variable,
or a string, referring to an environment variable.
@item wait
@item wait [@var{process}]@dots{}
@cmindex wait
Wait until a process has successfully completed.
Wait until each specified @var{process} has exited.
@item which
@item which @var{command}@dots{}
@cmindex which
Identify a command and its location.
For each @var{command}, identify what kind of command it is and its
location.
@item whoami
@cmindex whoami
Print the current user. This Eshell version of @command{whoami}
supports Tramp.
Print the current user. This Eshell version of @command{whoami} is
connection-aware, so for remote directories, it will print the user
associated with that connection.
@end table
@subsection Defining new built-in commands
@ -1353,6 +1664,11 @@ sequence of commands, as with almost any other shell script. Scripts
are invoked from Eshell with @command{source}, or from anywhere in Emacs
with @code{eshell-source-file}.
Like with aliases (@pxref{Aliases}), Eshell scripts can accept any
number of arguments. Within the script, you can refer to these with
the special variables @code{$0}, @code{$1}, @dots{}, @code{$9}, and
@code{$*}.
@cmindex .
If you wish to load a script into your @emph{current} environment,
rather than in a subshell, use the @code{.} command.
@ -1452,7 +1768,7 @@ As with @samp{$@{@var{command}@}}, evaluates the Eshell command invocation
@command{@var{command}}, but writes the output to a temporary file and
returns the file name.
@item $@var{expr}[@var{i...}]
@item $@var{expr}[@var{i@dots{}}]
Expands to the @var{i}th element of the result of @var{expr}, an
expression in one of the above forms listed here. If multiple indices
are supplied, this will return a list containing the elements for each
@ -1501,7 +1817,7 @@ Multiple sets of indices can also be specified. For example, if
expand to @code{2}, i.e.@: the second element of the first list member
(all indices are zero-based).
@item $@var{expr}[@var{regexp} @var{i...}]
@item $@var{expr}[@var{regexp} @var{i@dots{}}]
As above (when @var{expr} expands to a string), but use @var{regexp}
to split the string. @var{regexp} can be any form other than a
number. For example, @samp{$@var{var}[: 0]} will return the first
@ -2275,15 +2591,23 @@ external commands. To enable it, add @code{eshell-tramp} to
@table @code
@item su
@item su [- | -l] [@var{user}]
@cmindex su
@itemx sudo
Uses TRAMP's @command{su} method (@pxref{Inline methods, , , tramp,
The Tramp Manual}) to change the current user to @var{user} (or root
if unspecified). With @code{-}, @code{-l}, or @code{--login}, provide
a login environment.
@item sudo [-u @var{user}] [-s | @var{command}@dots{}]
@cmindex sudo
@itemx doas
@itemx doas [-u @var{user}] [-s | @var{command}@dots{}]
@cmindex doas
Uses TRAMP's @command{su}, @command{sudo}, or @command{doas} method
(@pxref{Inline methods, , , tramp, The Tramp Manual}) to run a command
via @command{su}, @command{sudo}, or @command{doas}.
Uses TRAMP's @command{sudo} or @command{doas} method (@pxref{Inline
methods, , , tramp, The Tramp Manual}) to run @var{command} as root
via @command{sudo} or @command{doas}. When specifying @code{-u
@var{user}} or @code{--user @var{user}}, run the command as @var{user}
instead. With @code{-s} or @code{--shell}, start a shell instead of
running @var{command}.
@end table
@ -2296,58 +2620,58 @@ add @code{eshell-xtra} to @code{eshell-modules-list}.
@table @code
@item count
@item count @var{item} @var{seq} [@var{option}]@dots{}
@cmindex count
A wrapper around the function @code{cl-count} (@pxref{Searching
Sequences,,, cl, GNU Emacs Common Lisp Emulation}). This command can
be used for comparing lists of strings.
@item expr
@item expr @var{str} [@var{separator}] [@var{arg}]@dots{}
@cmindex expr
An implementation of @command{expr} using the Calc package.
@xref{Top,,, calc, The GNU Emacs Calculator}.
@item ff
@item ff @var{directory} @var{pattern}
@cmindex ff
Shorthand for the the function @code{find-name-dired} (@pxref{Dired
and Find, , , emacs, The Emacs Editor}).
@item gf
@item gf @var{directory} @var{regexp}
@cmindex gf
Shorthand for the the function @code{find-grep-dired} (@pxref{Dired
and Find, , , emacs, The Emacs Editor}).
@item intersection
@item intersection @var{list1} @var{list2} [@var{option}]@dots{}
@cmindex intersection
A wrapper around the function @code{cl-intersection} (@pxref{Lists as
Sets,,, cl, GNU Emacs Common Lisp Emulation}). This command
can be used for comparing lists of strings.
@item mismatch
@item mismatch @var{seq1} @var{seq2} [@var{option}]@dots{}
@cmindex mismatch
A wrapper around the function @code{cl-mismatch} (@pxref{Searching
Sequences,,, cl, GNU Emacs Common Lisp Emulation}). This command can
be used for comparing lists of strings.
@item set-difference
@item set-difference @var{list1} @var{list2} [@var{option}]@dots{}
@cmindex set-difference
A wrapper around the function @code{cl-set-difference} (@pxref{Lists
as Sets,,, cl, GNU Emacs Common Lisp Emulation}). This command can be
used for comparing lists of strings.
@item set-exclusive-or
@item set-exclusive-or @var{list1} @var{list2} [@var{option}]@dots{}
@cmindex set-exclusive-or
A wrapper around the function @code{cl-set-exclusive-or} (@pxref{Lists
as Sets,,, cl, GNU Emacs Common Lisp Emulation}). This command can be
used for comparing lists of strings.
@item substitute
@item substitute @var{new} @var{old} @var{seq} [@var{option}]@dots{}
@cmindex substitute
A wrapper around the function @code{cl-substitute} (@pxref{Sequence
Functions,,, cl, GNU Emacs Common Lisp Emulation}). This command can
be used for comparing lists of strings.
@item union
@item union @var{list1} @var{list2} [@var{option}]@dots{}
@cmindex union
A wrapper around the function @code{cl-union} (@pxref{Lists as Sets,,,
cl, GNU Emacs Common Lisp Emulation}). This command can be used for

8
lisp/eshell/em-unix.el
View file

@ -618,11 +618,11 @@ Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.")
:preserve-args
:external "ln"
:show-usage
:usage "[OPTION]... TARGET [LINK_NAME]
:usage "[OPTION]... TARGET LINK_NAME
or: ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY
Create a link to the specified TARGET with optional LINK_NAME. If there is
more than one TARGET, the last argument must be a directory; create links
in DIRECTORY to each TARGET. Create hard links by default, symbolic links
Create a link to the specified TARGET with LINK_NAME. If there is more
than one TARGET, the last argument must be a directory; create links in
DIRECTORY to each TARGET. Create hard links by default, symbolic links
with `--symbolic'. When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist.")
(let ((no-dereference t))
(eshell-mvcpln-template "ln" "linking"

6
lisp/eshell/esh-ext.el
View file

@ -253,10 +253,10 @@ An external command simply means external to Emacs."
"Add a set of paths to PATH."
(eshell-eval-using-options
"addpath" args
'((?b "begin" nil prepend "add path element at beginning")
'((?b "begin" nil prepend "add to beginning of $PATH")
(?h "help" nil nil "display this usage message")
:usage "[-b] PATH
Adds the given PATH to $PATH.")
:usage "[-b] DIR...
Adds the given DIR to $PATH.")
(let ((path (eshell-get-path t)))
(if args
(progn

2
lisp/eshell/esh-var.el
View file

@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ the values of nil for each."
(?h "help" nil nil "show this usage screen")
:external "env"
:parse-leading-options-only
:usage "[NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]")
:usage "[NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND]...")
(if args
(or (eshell-parse-local-variables args)
(eshell-named-command (car args) (cdr args)))