Window-related updates to NEWS and Emacs manual.
* etc/NEWS: Reorganize, placing user options in Changes section. * doc/emacs/buffers.texi (Select Buffer): Clarify description of buffer-switching commands. Add xref to Window Display node. Don't repeat confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer description from Visiting node. Remove even-window-heights. * doc/emacs/frames.texi (Special Buffer Frames): Add xref to Window Choice. * doc/emacs/windows.texi (Pop Up Window): Defer discussion of window splitting to the Window Choice node. Add index entries. (Force Same Window): Node deleted. (Displaying Buffers, Window Choice): New nodes.
This commit is contained in:
Chong Yidong
parent
25b4bfa0d1
commit
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6 changed files with 229 additions and 141 deletions
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@ -1,3 +1,17 @@
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2011-09-24 Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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* windows.texi (Pop Up Window): Defer discussion of window
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splitting to the Window Choice node. Add index entries.
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(Force Same Window): Node deleted.
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(Displaying Buffers, Window Choice): New nodes.
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* buffers.texi (Select Buffer): Clarify description of
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buffer-switching commands. Add xref to Window Display node.
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Don't repeat confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer description from
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Visiting node. Remove even-window-heights.
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* frames.texi (Special Buffer Frames): Add xref to Window Choice.
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2011-09-18 Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
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* cmdargs.texi (Icons X): Fix description of Emacs icon.
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@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ selected buffer other than the current buffer.
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@var{bufname} @key{RET}}. This runs the command
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@code{switch-to-buffer} with argument @var{bufname}. While entering
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the buffer name, you can use the usual minibuffer completion and
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history commands (@pxref{Minibuffer}). An empty argument to @kbd{C-x
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b} specifies the buffer that was current most recently among those not
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now displayed in any window.
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history commands (@pxref{Minibuffer}). An empty input specifies the
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buffer that was current most recently among those not now displayed in
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any window.
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@cindex minibuffer confirmation
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@cindex confirming in the minibuffer
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@ -107,16 +107,8 @@ catches a common mistake, in which one types @key{RET} before
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realizing that @key{TAB} did not complete far enough to yield the
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desired buffer name (@pxref{Completion}). Emacs asks for confirmation
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by putting the message @samp{[Confirm]} in the minibuffer; type
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@key{RET} again to confirm and visit the buffer.
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@vindex confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer
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The variable @code{confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer} controls
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whether Emacs asks for confirmation before visiting a buffer that did
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not previously exist. The default value, @code{after-completion},
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gives the behavior we have just described. If the value is
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@code{nil}, Emacs never asks for confirmation; for any other
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non-@code{nil} value, Emacs always asks for confirmation. This
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variable also affects the @code{find-file} command (@pxref{Visiting}).
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@key{RET} again to confirm and visit the buffer. @xref{Visiting}, for
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information about modifying this behavior.
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One reason to create a new buffer is to use it for making temporary
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notes. If you try to save it, Emacs asks for the file name to use.
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@ -136,36 +128,26 @@ of most recent selection in the current frame), while @kbd{C-x @key{LEFT}}
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@kindex C-x 4 b
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@findex switch-to-buffer-other-window
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@vindex even-window-heights
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To select a buffer in a window other than the current one, type
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@kbd{C-x 4 b} (@code{switch-to-buffer-other-window}). This prompts
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for a buffer name using the minibuffer, displays that buffer in
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another window, and selects that window. By default, if displaying
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the buffer causes two vertically adjacent windows to be displayed, the
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heights of those windows are evened out; to countermand that and
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preserve the window configuration, set the variable
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@code{even-window-heights} to @code{nil}.
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another window, and selects that window.
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@kindex C-x 5 b
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@findex switch-to-buffer-other-frame
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Similarly, @kbd{C-x 5 b} (@code{switch-to-buffer-other-frame})
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prompts for a buffer name, displays that buffer in another frame, and
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selects that frame.
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selects that frame. If the buffer is already being shown in a window
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on another frame, Emacs selects that window and frame instead of
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creating a new frame.
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@xref{Displaying Buffers}, for how the @kbd{C-x 4 b} and @kbd{C-x 5
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b} commands get the window and/or frame to display in.
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In addition, @kbd{C-x C-f}, and any other command for visiting a
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file, can also be used to switch to an existing file-visiting buffer.
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@xref{Visiting}.
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@vindex display-buffer-reuse-frames
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You can control how certain buffers are handled by these commands by
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customizing the variables @code{special-display-buffer-names},
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@code{special-display-regexps}, @code{same-window-buffer-names}, and
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@code{same-window-regexps}. See @ref{Force Same Window}, and
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@ref{Special Buffer Frames}, for more about these variables. In
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addition, if the value of @code{display-buffer-reuse-frames} is
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non-@code{nil}, and the buffer you want to switch to is already
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displayed in some frame, Emacs will just raise that frame.
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@findex goto-line
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@kbd{C-u M-g M-g}, that is @code{goto-line} with a plain prefix
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argument, reads a number @var{n} using the minibuffer, selects the
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@ -488,9 +488,8 @@ Multiple Windows
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* Split Window:: New windows are made by splitting existing windows.
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* Other Window:: Moving to another window or doing something to it.
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* Pop Up Window:: Finding a file or buffer in another window.
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* Force Same Window:: Forcing certain buffers to appear in the selected
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window rather than in another window.
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* Change Window:: Deleting windows and changing their sizes.
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* Displaying Buffers:: How Emacs picks a window for displaying a buffer.
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* Window Convenience:: Convenience functions for window handling.
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Frames and Graphical Displays
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@ -850,11 +850,12 @@ each others' edits if they are not careful.
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@vindex special-display-buffer-names
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You can make certain chosen buffers, which Emacs normally displays
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in ``another window,'' appear in special frames of their own. To do
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this, set the variable @code{special-display-buffer-names} to a list
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of buffer names; any buffer whose name is in that list automatically
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gets a special frame, when an Emacs command wants to display it ``in
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another window.''
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in ``some other window'' (@pxref{Displaying Buffers}), appear in
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special frames of their own. To do this, set the variable
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@code{special-display-buffer-names} to a list of buffer names; any
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buffer whose name is in that list automatically gets a special frame.
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@xref{Window Choice}, for how this fits in with the other ways for
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Emacs to choose a window to display in.
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For example, if you set the variable this way,
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@ -906,13 +907,6 @@ where @var{function} is a symbol. Then the frame is constructed by
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calling @var{function}; its first argument is the buffer, and its
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remaining arguments are @var{args}.
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An analogous feature lets you specify buffers which should be
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displayed in the selected window. @xref{Force Same Window}. The
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same-window feature takes precedence over the special-frame feature;
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therefore, if you add a buffer name to
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@code{special-display-buffer-names} and it has no effect, check to see
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whether that feature is also in use for the same buffer name.
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@node Frame Parameters
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@section Setting Frame Parameters
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@cindex Auto-Raise mode
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@ -18,9 +18,8 @@ one frame.
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* Split Window:: New windows are made by splitting existing windows.
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* Other Window:: Moving to another window or doing something to it.
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* Pop Up Window:: Finding a file or buffer in another window.
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* Force Same Window:: Forcing certain buffers to appear in the selected
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window rather than in another window.
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* Change Window:: Deleting windows and changing their sizes.
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* Displaying Buffers:: How Emacs picks a window for displaying a buffer.
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* Window Convenience:: Convenience functions for window handling.
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@end menu
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@ -191,84 +190,47 @@ feature is off by default.
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@cindex selecting buffers in other windows
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@kindex C-x 4
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@kbd{C-x 4} is a prefix key for commands that select another window
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(splitting the window if there is only one) and select a buffer in that
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window. Different @kbd{C-x 4} commands have different ways of finding the
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buffer to select.
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@kbd{C-x 4} is a prefix key for a variety of commands that switch to
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a buffer in a different window---either another existing window, or a
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new window created by splitting the selected window. @xref{Window
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Choice}, for how Emacs picks or creates the window to use.
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@table @kbd
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@findex switch-to-buffer-other-window
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@item C-x 4 b @var{bufname} @key{RET}
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Select buffer @var{bufname} in another window. This runs
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@code{switch-to-buffer-other-window}.
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Select buffer @var{bufname} in another window
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(@code{switch-to-buffer-other-window}).
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@findex display-buffer
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@item C-x 4 C-o @var{bufname} @key{RET}
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Display buffer @var{bufname} in another window, but
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don't select that buffer or that window. This runs
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@code{display-buffer}.
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Display buffer @var{bufname} in some window, without trying to select
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it (@code{display-buffer}). @xref{Displaying Buffers}, for details
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about how the window is chosen.
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@findex find-file-other-window
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@item C-x 4 f @var{filename} @key{RET}
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Visit file @var{filename} and select its buffer in another window. This
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runs @code{find-file-other-window}. @xref{Visiting}.
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Visit file @var{filename} and select its buffer in another window
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(@code{find-file-other-window}). @xref{Visiting}.
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@findex dired-other-window
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@item C-x 4 d @var{directory} @key{RET}
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Select a Dired buffer for directory @var{directory} in another window.
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This runs @code{dired-other-window}. @xref{Dired}.
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Select a Dired buffer for directory @var{directory} in another window
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(@code{dired-other-window}). @xref{Dired}.
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@findex mail-other-window
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@item C-x 4 m
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Start composing a mail message in another window. This runs
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@code{mail-other-window}; its same-window analogue is @kbd{C-x m}
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(@pxref{Sending Mail}).
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Start composing a mail message, similar to @kbd{C-x m} (@pxref{Sending
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Mail}), but in another window (@code{mail-other-window}).
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@findex find-tag-other-window
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@item C-x 4 .
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Find a tag in the current tags table, in another window. This runs
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@code{find-tag-other-window}, the multiple-window variant of @kbd{M-.}
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(@pxref{Tags}).
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Find a tag in the current tags table, similar to @kbd{M-.}
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(@pxref{Tags}), but in another window (@code{find-tag-other-window}).
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@item C-x 4 r @var{filename} @key{RET}
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Visit file @var{filename} read-only, and select its buffer in another
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window. This runs @code{find-file-read-only-other-window}.
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@xref{Visiting}.
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window (@code{find-file-read-only-other-window}). @xref{Visiting}.
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@end table
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@vindex split-height-threshold
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@vindex split-width-threshold
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By default, these commands split the window vertically when there is
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only one. You can customize the variables @code{split-height-threshold}
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and @code{split-width-threshold} to split the window horizontally
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instead.
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@node Force Same Window
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@section Forcing Display in the Same Window
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Certain Emacs commands switch to a specific buffer with special
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contents. For example, @kbd{M-x shell} switches to a buffer named
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@samp{*shell*}. By convention, all these commands are written to pop up
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the buffer in a separate window. But you can specify that certain of
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these buffers should appear in the selected window.
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@vindex same-window-buffer-names
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If you add a buffer name to the list @code{same-window-buffer-names},
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the effect is that such commands display that particular buffer by
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switching to it in the selected window. For example, if you add the
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element @code{"*grep*"} to the list, the @code{grep} command will
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display its output buffer in the selected window.
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The default value of @code{same-window-buffer-names} is not
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@code{nil}: it specifies buffer names @samp{*info*}, @samp{*mail*} and
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@samp{*shell*} (as well as others used by more obscure Emacs packages).
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This is why @kbd{M-x shell} normally switches to the @samp{*shell*}
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buffer in the selected window. If you delete this element from the
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value of @code{same-window-buffer-names}, the behavior of @kbd{M-x
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shell} will change---it will pop up the buffer in another window
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instead.
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@vindex same-window-regexps
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You can specify these buffers more generally with the variable
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@code{same-window-regexps}. Set it to a list of regular expressions;
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then any buffer whose name matches one of those regular expressions is
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displayed by switching to it in the selected window. (Once again, this
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applies only to buffers that normally get displayed for you in a
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separate window.) The default value of this variable specifies Telnet
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and rlogin buffers.
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An analogous feature lets you specify buffers which should be
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displayed in their own individual frames. @xref{Special Buffer Frames}.
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@node Change Window
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@section Deleting and Rearranging Windows
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@ -356,6 +318,113 @@ heights of all the windows in the selected frame.
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Mouse clicks on the mode line provide another way to change window
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heights and to delete windows. @xref{Mode Line Mouse}.
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@node Displaying Buffers
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@section Displaying a Buffer in a Window
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It is a common Emacs operation to display or ``pop up'' some buffer
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in response to a user command. There are several different ways by
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which commands do this.
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Many commands, like @kbd{C-x C-f} (@code{find-file}), display the
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buffer by ``taking over'' the selected window, expecting that the
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user's attention will be diverted to that buffer. These commands
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usually work by calling @code{switch-to-buffer} internally
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(@pxref{Select Buffer}).
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@findex display-buffer
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Some commands try to display ``intelligently'', trying not to take
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over the selected window, e.g. by splitting the selected window and
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displaying the desired buffer in the child window. Such commands,
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which include the various help commands (@pxref{Help}), work by
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calling @code{display-buffer} internally. @xref{Window Choice}, for
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details.
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Other commands do the same as @code{display-buffer}, and
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additionally select the displaying window so that you can begin
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editing its buffer. The command @kbd{C-x `} (@code{next-error}) is
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one example (@pxref{Compilation Mode}). Such commands work by calling
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@code{pop-to-buffer} internally. @xref{Displaying Buffers,,Displaying
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Buffers in Windows, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.
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Commands with names ending in @code{-other-window} behave like
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@code{display-buffer}, except that they never display in the selected
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window. Several of these commands are bound in the @kbd{C-x 4} prefix
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key (@pxref{Pop Up Window}).
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Commands with names ending in @code{-other-frame} behave like
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@code{display-buffer}, except that they (i) never display in the
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selected window and (ii) prefer to create a new frame to display the
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desired buffer instead of splitting a window---as though the variable
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@code{pop-up-frames} is set to @code{t} (@pxref{Window Choice}).
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Several of these commands are bound in the @kbd{C-x 5} prefix key.
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@menu
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* Window Choice:: How @code{display-buffer} works.
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@end menu
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@node Window Choice
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@subsection How @code{display-buffer} works
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@findex display-buffer
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The @code{display-buffer} command (as well as commands that call it
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internally) chooses a window to display using the following steps:
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@itemize
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@vindex same-window-buffer-names
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@vindex same-window-regexps
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@item
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First, check if the buffer should be displayed in the selected window
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regardless of other considerations. You can tell Emacs to do this by
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adding the desired buffer's name to the list
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@code{same-window-buffer-names}, or adding a matching regular
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expression to the list @code{same-window-regexps}. By default, these
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variables are @code{nil}, so this step is skipped.
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@vindex display-buffer-reuse-frames
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@item
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Otherwise, if the buffer is already displayed in an existing window,
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``reuse'' that window. Normally, only windows on the selected frame
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are considered, but windows on other frames are also reusable if you
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change @code{display-buffer-reuse-frames} to @code{t}, or if you
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change @code{pop-up-frames} (see below) to @code{t}.
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@item
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Otherwise, if you specified that the buffer should be displayed in a
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special frame by customizing @code{special-display-buffer-names} or
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@code{special-display-regexps}, do so. @xref{Special Buffer Frames}.
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@vindex pop-up-frames
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@item
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Otherwise, optionally create a new frame and display the buffer there.
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By default, this step is skipped. To enable it, change the variable
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@code{pop-up-frames} to a non-@code{nil} value. The special value
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@code{graphic-only} means to do this only on graphical displays.
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@item
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Otherwise, try to create a new window by splitting the selected
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window, and display the buffer in that new window.
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@vindex split-height-threshold
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@vindex split-width-threshold
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The split can be either vertical or horizontal, depending on the
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variables @code{split-height-threshold} and
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@code{split-width-threshold}. These variables should have integer
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values. If @code{split-height-threshold} is smaller than the selected
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window's height, the split puts the new window below. Otherwise, if
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@code{split-width-threshold} is smaller than the window's width, the
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split puts the new window on the right. If neither condition holds,
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Emacs tries to split so that the new window is below---but only if the
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window was not split before (to avoid excessive splitting).
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@item
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Otherwise, display the buffer in an existing window on the selected
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frame.
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@item
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If all the above methods fail for whatever reason, create a new frame
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and display the buffer there.
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@end itemize
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@node Window Convenience
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@section Window Handling Convenience Features and Customization
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88
etc/NEWS
88
etc/NEWS
|
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@ -386,6 +386,45 @@ by default.
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*** `menu-bar-select-buffer-function' lets you choose another operation
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instead of `switch-to-buffer' when selecting an item in the Buffers menu.
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** Window changes
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+++
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*** Resizing an Emacs frame now preserves proportional window sizes,
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modulo restrictions like window minimum sizes and fixed-size windows.
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*** The behavior of `display-buffer' is now customizable in detail.
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**** New option `display-buffer-base-action' specifies a list of
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user-determined display "actions" (functions and optional arguments
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for choosing the displaying window).
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This takes precedence over the default display action, which is
|
||||
specified by `display-buffer-fallback-action'.
|
||||
|
||||
**** New option `display-buffer-alist' maps buffer name regexps to
|
||||
display actions, taking precedence over `display-buffer-base-action'.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** New option `window-nest'.
|
||||
The new option `window-nest' allows to return the space obtained for
|
||||
resizing or creating a window more reliably to the window from which
|
||||
such space was obtained.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** New option `window-splits'.
|
||||
The new option `window-splits' allows to split a window that otherwise
|
||||
cannot be split because it's too small by stealing space from other
|
||||
windows in the same combination.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** New commands `maximize-window' and `minimize-window'.
|
||||
These maximize and minize the size of a window within its frame.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** New commands `switch-to-prev-buffer' and `switch-to-next-buffer'.
|
||||
These functions allow to navigate through the live buffers that have
|
||||
been shown in a specific window.
|
||||
|
||||
** The inactive minibuffer has its own major mode `minibuffer-inactive-mode'.
|
||||
This is handy for minibuffer-only frames, and is also used for the "mouse-1
|
||||
pops up *Messages*" feature, which can now easily be changed.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1002,18 +1041,6 @@ new window appear on the corresponding side of the window that shall be
|
|||
split. Any other value of SIDE will cause `split-window' to split the
|
||||
window into two side-by-side windows as before.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** New option `window-nest'.
|
||||
The new option `window-nest' allows to return the space obtained for
|
||||
resizing or creating a window more reliably to the window from which
|
||||
such space was obtained.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** New option `window-splits'.
|
||||
The new option `window-splits' allows to split a window that otherwise
|
||||
cannot be split because it's too small by stealing space from other
|
||||
windows in the same combination.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** `split-window-above-each-other' and `split-window-side-by-side'.
|
||||
The commands `split-window-vertically' and `split-window-horizontally'
|
||||
|
|
@ -1027,12 +1054,6 @@ A new standard function for resizing windows called `resize-window' has
|
|||
been introduced. This and all other functions for resizing windows no
|
||||
longer delete any windows when they become too small.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** Frame/window resizing.
|
||||
Resizing an Emacs frame now preserves the proportional sizes of
|
||||
subwindows modulo restrictions imposed by window minimum sizes and
|
||||
fixed-size windows.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** `adjust-window-trailing-edge' adjustments.
|
||||
`adjust-window-trailing-edge' can now deal with fixed-size windows and
|
||||
|
|
@ -1041,11 +1062,6 @@ edge cannot be shrunk any more. This makes its behavior more similar to
|
|||
that of Emacs 21 without compromising, however, its inability to delete
|
||||
windows which was introduced in Emacs 22.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** Commands for maximizing and minimizing windows.
|
||||
New functions to maximize and minimize a window within its frame are
|
||||
provided, namely `maximize-window' and `minimize-window'.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** Window-local buffer lists.
|
||||
Windows now have local buffer lists. This means that removing a buffer
|
||||
|
|
@ -1054,17 +1070,31 @@ shown in that window with its previous window-start and window-point
|
|||
positions. This also means that the same buffer may be automatically
|
||||
shown twice even if it already appears in another window.
|
||||
|
||||
+++
|
||||
*** New commands `switch-to-prev-buffer' and `switch-to-next-buffer'.
|
||||
These functions allow to navigate through the live buffers that have
|
||||
been shown in a specific window.
|
||||
|
||||
*** `switch-to-buffer' has a new optional argument FORCE-SAME-WINDOW,
|
||||
which if non-nil requires the buffer to be displayed in the currently
|
||||
selected window, signaling an error otherwise. If nil, another window
|
||||
can be used, e.g. if the selected one is strongly dedicated.
|
||||
|
||||
*** FIXME: buffer-display-alist changes
|
||||
*** `split-window-vertically' and `split-window-horizontally' renamed
|
||||
to `split-window-above-each-other' and `split-window-side-by-side'
|
||||
respectively. The old names are kept as aliases.
|
||||
|
||||
*** Display actions
|
||||
|
||||
**** The second arg to `display-buffer' and `pop-to-buffer' is now
|
||||
named ACTION, and takes a display action of the same form as
|
||||
`display-buffer-base-action' (see Changes, above). A non-nil,
|
||||
non-list value is treated specially, as the old meaning.
|
||||
|
||||
**** New variable `display-buffer-overriding-action'.
|
||||
|
||||
**** The procedure of `display-buffer' etc. to choose a window is
|
||||
determined by combining `display-buffer-overriding-action',
|
||||
`display-buffer-alist', the ACTION arg, `display-buffer-base-action',
|
||||
and `display-buffer-fallback-action'. The second and fourth of these
|
||||
are user-customizable variables.
|
||||
|
||||
See the docstring of `display-buffer' for details.
|
||||
|
||||
** Completion
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Reference in a new issue